七叶一枝花甾体皂苷种类及含量差异研究进展＊

重楼是我国传统的名贵中药，七叶一枝花为历版《中国药典》收载的重楼药材两个基原植物之一，具有清热解毒、消肿止痛、活血化瘀等功效，其主要活性成分为甾体皂苷类物质。由于重楼市场需求量剧增和七叶一枝花成药时间较长，导致大量依靠人工种植。然而，人工种植过程中产地、采收年限和采收月份都会影响七叶一枝花的甾体皂苷含量。本文系统地总结了七叶一枝花中主要活性成分甾体皂苷的种类，以及不同产地、不同生长年限及不同采收月份的七叶一枝花根茎中甾体皂苷含量差异的研究现状，以期为进一步研究七叶一枝花品质差异、野生资源驯化及规范化种植提供参考。     

糖尿病前期中医证型及证素特点分析＊

目的 探讨糖尿病前期的中医证型及证素分布特点。方法 检索中国知网、万方及维普三大数据库中收录的自建库以来有关糖尿病前期证型的临床研究文献，对中医证型进行规范整理，建立数据库，提取证素，运用数据挖掘技术中的关联分析、聚类分析探究证素分布规律。结果 共纳入10篇文献，总有效病例1620例，证型经规范处理后整理为18个，主要证型为脾虚痰湿证。共提取证素13个，主要病位证素为脾，主要病性证素为气虚、湿和痰，关联分析显示脾—湿支持度和置信度最高，聚类分析结果可得到3个聚类组。结论 糖尿病前期病位在脾，气虚、脾、痰、湿是常见证素，临床诊治糖尿病前期应注重从脾论治，需辨证施治。     

DEep learning-based rapid Spiral Image REconstruction (DESIRE) for high-resolution spiral first-pass myocardial perfusion imaging

The objective of the current study was to develop and evaluate a DEep learning-based rapid Spiral Image REconstruction (DESIRE) technique for high-resolution spiral first-pass myocardial perfusion imaging with whole-heart coverage, to provide fast and accurate image reconstruction for both single-slice (SS) and simultaneous multislice (SMS) acquisitions. Three-dimensional U-Net–based image enhancement architectures were evaluated for high-resolution spiral perfusion imaging at 3 T. The SS and SMS MB = 2 networks were trained on SS perfusion images from 156 slices from 20 subjects. Structural similarity index (SSIM), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) were assessed, and prospective images were blindly graded by two experienced cardiologists (5: excellent; 1: poor). Excellent performance was demonstrated for the proposed technique. For SS, SSIM, PSNR, and NRMSE were 0.977 [0.972, 0.982], 42.113 [40.174, 43.493] dB, and 0.102 [0.080, 0.125], respectively, for the best network. For SMS MB = 2 retrospective data, SSIM, PSNR, and NRMSE were 0.961 [0.950, 0.969], 40.834 [39.619, 42.004] dB, and 0.107 [0.086, 0.133], respectively, for the best network. The image quality scores were 4.5 [4.1, 4.8], 4.5 [4.3, 4.6], 3.5 [3.3, 4], and 3.5 [3.3, 3.8] for SS DESIRE, SS L1-SPIRiT, MB = 2 DESIRE, and MB = 2 SMS-slice-L1-SPIRiT, respectively, showing no statistically significant difference (p = 1 and p = 1 for SS and SMS, respectively) between L1-SPIRiT and the proposed DESIRE technique. The network inference time was ~100 ms per dynamic perfusion series with DESIRE, while the reconstruction time of L1-SPIRiT with GPU acceleration was ~ 30 min. It was concluded that DESIRE enabled fast and high-quality image reconstruction for both SS and SMS MB = 2 whole-heart high-resolution spiral perfusion imaging.     

国内健康信息研究作者合著网络及研究主题分析

目的分析核心作者、作者合著网络特征,推测国内健康信息研究的发展阶段、主要研究力量及主要研究主题。方法以CNKI期刊库为数据源,以"健康信息"及相关词为主题词,检索2000—2018年的相关文献,基于普莱斯定律及综合指数法确定核心作者,使用数据统计软件Excel及社会网络分析软件Vcinet,利用综合指数以及社会网络分析法计算作者间联系合作紧密度,并离析高产合作子网。结果文献量以较快指数型速率增长。作者合作率较高且信息传输渠道较通畅,2000—2018年国内研究的合著率稳定在80%,但学者的合作关系较为单一,多集中在同一机构或同一师门,阻碍了跨机构学者的交流合作。主要合作团队活跃度较高且核心成员多为研究领域的核心作者,科研产出量较大且被引频次较高。结论国内研究正处于旺盛发展期,但未形成稳定的核心作者群体。学者间因同机构或师门关系产生固定合作,健康信息管理、公众健康行为、健康教育等为核心作者或活跃团队研究的主要主题。     

Recent progress in molecular mechanisms of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatectomy is currently considered the most effective option for treating patients with early and intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, the postoperative prognosis of patients with HCC remains unsatisfactory, predominantly because of high postoperative metastasis and recurrence rates. Therefore, research on the molecular mechanisms of postoperative HCC metastasis and recurrence will help develop effective intervention measures to prevent or delay HCC metastasis and recurrence and to improve the long-term survival of HCC patients. Herein, we review the latest research progress on the molecular mechanisms underlying postoperative HCC metastasis and recurrence to lay a foundation for improving the understanding of HCC metastasis and recurrence and for developing more precise prevention and intervention strategies.     

The China birth cohort study (CBCS)

European Journal of Epidemiology - The China birth cohort study (CBCS) is a prospective longitudinal, mega-cohort study and the first national-based birth cohort study, aiming to establish a birth...     

青年人群近距离工作后眼部参数的变化及恢复时间

目的：观察青年人群近距离用眼后眼部生理及功能性参数的变化及恢复时间。

方法：前瞻性研究。随机选取2019-12/2020-06在我院进行医学验光的患者69例138眼，根据主觉验光结果分为正视组(+0.75D≤等效球镜度≤-0.50D，18例36眼)、低度近视组(-0.75D≤等效球镜度≤-3.00D，25例50眼)和中度近视组(-3.25D≤等效球镜度≤-6.00D，26例52眼)。所有受试者近距离阅读20min后远眺放松20min，分别于近距离用眼前、近距离用眼20min后、远眺5、10、15、20min时测量受试者眼部生理性参数\〖前房深度(ACD)、眼轴长度(AL)\〗和功能性参数\〖正相对调节(PRA)、调节反应(BCC)\〗，分析各参数的达极时间和恢复时间。

结果：近距离用眼后眼轴变长，前房变浅，PRA绝对值变大，BCC无明显变化，75%(52/69)的受试者AL在近距离用眼20min后达极，87%(60/69)的受试者ACD在远眺5min时达极，96%(66/69)的受试者PRA在近距离用眼20min后达极，且以上参数均在远眺10min后逐渐恢复至初始状态。

结论：近距离用眼后眼部参数发生改变，眼轴变长，前房变浅，PRA绝对值增大，但均在远眺放松过程中逐渐回退，且均需要10min以上才能恢复至初始状态。     

幽门螺杆菌感染相关因素的研究进展

幽门螺杆菌（HP）是革兰阴性微需氧的螺旋样杆菌，主要通过口-口途径在人-人之间感染传播。HP的发现加深了人类对慢性感染、炎症和癌症之间关系的认识。其特定的螺旋形体型、鞭毛及动力、尿素酶和黏附素活性，以及细胞毒素基因A（cagA）、空泡细胞毒素基因A（vacA）等是影响HP感染研究较多的相关致病因素。HP感染在胃癌的发生、发展中可能具有重要作用，但尚未确切证实HP感染是导致胃癌的主因。文章概述了HP感染相关致病因素的研究进展。